Some writers are suggesting that "pretexting," (pretending to be someone else in order to obtain information) may not be illegal because it is used in housing discrimination investigations.
I see a significant difference between pretending to be someone of another race in order to catch a discriminating landlord and pretending to be someone else in order and using her Social Security number, in order to obtain her phone records. In the first case, I am not pretending to be another actual person, but simply making up a fictional person in order to ferret out a tort or crime (other examples are pretending to be a little girl in order to catch a sexual predator). In the second case, I am using someone else's identity to obtain personal, private information belonging to that person.
I believe that Penal Code section 529 makes the second practice a violation of the law. That section provides, in relevant part:
Every person who falsely personates another in either his private or official capacity, and in such assumed character either:
...
3. Does any other act
... whereby any
benefit might accrue to the party personating, or to any other person;
Is punishable by a fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars ($10,000),
or by imprisonment in the state prison, or in a county jail not
exceeding one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
As I see it, the investigators who pretended to be board members or journalists in order to obtain those persons' telephone records were falsely personating another in order to derive a benefit to themselves (they got paid) or to another (Patricia Dunn).
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